Marketing Week free essay sample

Having the option to focus on specific individuals can be dubious some of the time uniquely on the off chance that you don’t realize what you’re doing or what your objective is. You must have the option to sell yourself just as the item and who better to sell Girl Scout treats then little youngsters. The Girl Scouts principally focus on the center and privileged families with kids in a similar age bunch as the young ladies in the Girl Scout association. Treat deals have developed into a significant cash promoting activity, getting over $714 million per year. Notwithstanding, treat deals have declined one percent every year for as far back as six years. The Girl Scouts have rolled out a few improvements to the program that they expectation will help sparkle deals and make cost sparing chances. The Girl Scout troops will sell treat boxes for four dollars each, up from the $3. 50 cost ordered in 2006. The Girl Scouts will likewise be requesting that specific soldiers decrease their treat setups to six assortments. We will compose a custom article test on Showcasing Week or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 2) How well do you think the Girl Scouts prevail in relationship advertising? Inspect the various factors on which relationship advertising depends. The best six selling treats that the Girl Scouts sell are Thin Mints, Do-Si-Dos, Trefoils, Samoa’s, Lemon Chalet Cremes, and, Tagalongs represent around 77 percent of treat deals, and numerous endeavors to make treats intended for explicit markets have not fared well in the ongoing years. The Dulce de leche treats, in view of great Latin America treats were configuration to speak to Hispanic markets as a component of the Girl Scouts more extensive assorted variety activities. In any case, marketing projections didn't appear to show a specific market inclination for that assortment. A ‘’diabetic friendly’’ sugar free chocolate transport assortment likewise neglected to produce a critical deals support. While every Girl Scout doesn't keep the pay from her business troop individuals see the immediate advantages of their endeavors these sorts of methodologies help fortify the more extensive reason for the treat program, for example, showing young ladies significant exercises in advertising and profession preparing. The Girl Scouts indicate five fundamental abilities that the treat program centers around creating objective setting, dynamic, cash, the board, relationship building abilities, and business morals. As Councils are moving their centers onto better business approaches and aptitude advancement, many are facilitating deals preparing courses. 3) Although a few people remove clear advantages from selling Girl Scout treats, few out of every odd Girl Scout will go into a showcasing profession, and many may secure the position of treat selling especially troublesome. Do you think the experience of treat selling, and all the more for the most part the exercises you may gain from this course about promoting and deals, can at present be advantageous, particularly to somebody who may discover the exercises testing? The Council of Nassau nation, New York acquired proficient deals mentor Jeff Goldberg, who shows the Scouts similar strategies he would use for some other business. Says Goldberg, ‘’ Goal setting, which was the main thing we secured. Is the principal thing I spread with any gathering of sales reps, in the event that you don’t have an objective with any gathering of sales reps? In the event that you don’t have an objective, how are you going to arrive? The Nassau district chamber is urging all young ladies to attempt to sell 100 boxes significant deals procedures conceptualizing techniques and spots for selling, self-introduction prompts like grinning being gracious, and saying thanks to clients (regardless of whether they don’t purchase anything); and pivoting hesitant purchasers with questions, for example, ‘’ what’s your preferred treat? And’’ Can I get you to purchase only one box? The Girl Scouts additionally underscored the significance that young ladies by and by do the selling; while guardians must organization Scouts during deals activities and can aid different ways.

Captain Grays journal Essay Example

Skipper Grays diary Essay Example Skipper Grays diary Essay Skipper Grays diary Essay An uncommon static and void nighttime quietness drifted above Beaumont Hamel. Sitting in his hole, Captain Gray couldnt locate any reasonable words to send to his better half. His impulses disclosed to him that to compose a letter would be identical to stating goodbye, a thought he despised as it flanked with strange notion. Grays eyelids were overwhelming, however no sleep appeared to follow this normal indication of fatigue. With his mind loaded up with befuddled irate considerations he opened his diary. Seeing the clear page, the repetitive equal lines made the musings in his brain appear to be odd, misrepresented and immense! In the end they wound themselves into worthy words that came gushing down onto the page like dull water permeating through a stoved ships side. Dim composed; Consistent carefulness is the way to endure this War. Tommorow we will assault, or rather jab the hundred headed Ladon with a twig. I know I mustnt separate, for as a leader I should be a guide to my men. I will coarseness my teeth and be with them until my opportunity arrives. The men must have faith in their officials and have motivation to do as such. It has been concurred that in the event that I am to fall, Wraysford will assume control over my unit. I am happy about this game plan; I like and trust that laddie, regardless of the way that I discover him hard to peruse. He didnt pull out whenever he was given the opportunity, presently I am persuaded damnation deal with this. Our lives rely upon methodologies, on procedures and furthermore untrustworthy and embarrasingly knowledgeable commanders, who despite everything assume of this butcher starting at an invite discharge from a debauched existance. The 29th Division are sitting tight for us and I neglect to see the purpose of this codswallop about the wire being cut, when it isnt!?! One would think marry have the benefit of the night on our side at any rate, however no! An age of youngsters, to which I have a place. must walk in sunlight like moderate moving toward focuses up slope unaware of the self destruction they are commiting. Confidence pushes them, similar to it pushed inocent Tess Durbeyfield into Alec fierce posession. We as a whole will turn out to be less inocent without wanting to tommorrow He delayed, unfit to keep, cleaning a dab of apprehensive perspiration from just beneath where his earthy colored hair started to develop on his brow. Putting his pen down he stood up, thumping over a glass, that despite everything had the hints of dried brilliant whisky, from the extemporized shelf that hung low over his bed. The delicate straightforward strong split as it hit the floor. Dark consequently swore and discarded the pieces, cutting a finger as he did as such. He took out his cigarette case from its typical pocket, lit the last one remaining and breathed in the recognizable, engaging and consoling toxic substance of the tobacco, feeling the welcome deadness scatter through the veins in his once energetic body. The isolation where he played out this custom, however abnormal for him. Fulfilled his requirement for idealism. The smell waited in his all around formed mustache as he returned to his entrance and composed; Barclay is yelping frantic to have consented to this; either that or as childish as Haig or Rawlinson. Exceptional what rank can do to a character, despite the fact that I question that he was less uninformed before. He just doesnt appear to understand that were not playing a game and that hes not instructing toy armed forces, however youngsters of fragile living creature and intensely hot blood, who will bite the dust while he drinks ruby wine in a tranquil nursery. Supper at Beaupaume for sure! I am upset for the men hes responsible for, who see exactly what an evil entity he is. As much as I appreciate a decent supper, I dont believe that I would enjoy a lot of a triumphant supper at the expense of a large portion of my nation. I would prefer to keep sharing my proportions or my preferred pecan cake that Joyce at some point sends me and know Im having it in the commendable organization of my confidants.. Dark gulped and shut the journal. He lay back smothering tears of constrained goals. Gripping the book in his grasp, he let his contemplation divert pictures of his significant other and home in Edinburgh. As he went into a dream, he saw her perusing his diary, sobbing. He imagined for 60 minutes, enduring bad dream after bad dream. At eleven thirty, when his batman Watson hauled him out of a grim thought up round of pelmanism that included pieces of the human body, Gray was briefly soothed. That didnt keep going long, for as he strolled towards the noisy speaker, he felt that nothing had set him up for what he was relied upon to do. ;

Top 10 Tips for Communicating With Us No. 1 Use the Same Email Address and a Descriptive Subject Line COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Top 10 Tips for Communicating With Us No. 1 Use the Same Email Address and a Descriptive Subject Line COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Updated: March 2016 We do our best to keep up with the volume of inquires and applications our office receives but the reality is that size of our staff and the number of inquiries/applications makes it hard to keep up.  In 2010, I posted a “Top 10” list with the intent of helping applicants to receive the most efficient service possible from our office.  We know you want answers quickly and we want to do everything in our power to make that possible. The list I compiled is still solid but I will update it with a bit of new information.  I hope this list will help you strategize as you communicate with the Office of Admissions, search for information, and apply.  I will post 10 entries over the next couple of weeks and then compile them into a single entry for future reference. In reviewing all of the entries please understand that I am not in any way trying to dissuade you from contacting our office, rather my hope is to provide information that will allow you to receive a response as soon as possible and avoid delays. Number 1: Always use the same email address when communicating with our office this includes the email you use when you submit your application and use a descriptive subject line. This might sound obvious, but in my experience it is common for people to have at least three email addresses:  their personal email address, their work email address, and their alumni email address. It is highly recommended that you pick one and use the same email address the entire time you communicate with our office and that this email match the email listed on your admission application.  This helps us to research your situation in the quickest and most comprehensive manner possible.  With several thousand people applying, just finding someone’s record can be a challenge. The first thing I do when I start to research an applicant’s inquiry or question is to plop the email address into my search bar.  If all of the emails are from the same account the process is greatly simplified and I am able to provide information in the most accurate and timely fashion possible. Also, I cannot tell you how many times someone has emailed our office with a question and used a different address than the one on their application.  When looking someone up in our system  I do so by email address.  Thus if you email with a different address than the one you used when applying it takes much longer to pull up the appropriate application record. From personal experience I recommend against using your business email address. The primary reason is that if you are admitted to SIPA you are going to leave your employer and your email account will be terminated.  Using your personal email address will avoid complications that can arise when you might request an email address change.  While it is possible to update your email, we have several software systems so it can take time and possibly lead to missed communications. Do not be tempted to use an email address that you think will impress us.  For example you might feel that you should use your work email address because it looks “impressive.”  Rather use the email address that you consider to be your permanent address and one that you check frequently.  It is far less impressive to have to amend your record in our systems over time- consistency is what impresses us. And finally, be sure to be descriptive in your subject line. It helps prepare our office as to what your email is regarding, and it is extremely helpful for your subject to be clear if we wind up having to forward it to another department or recipient. It should be obvious from the start what your email contains. We can quickly respond to and find information regarding an email with subject lines such as “Question regarding TOEFL Waiver” or “Additional Transcript from Undergraduate Institution” than we can read through emails with a subject line that simply reads “Question” or “Materials” I do have two bonus tips. First, please include your email address in the body of your email â€" for example below your name (an email signature with your email included is highly recommended).  Sometimes emails get forwarded to other parties and only the body gets sent along.  If I just get the body and the header is left off, we have no email address to respond to and this leads to delays while we try to track down email contact information. From my experience this is a very common problem when people forward me emails from their Blackberry or mobile phone.  I cannot tell you the number of times a SIPA faculty or staff member has forwarded me a message and there is no visible email address.  So, just to make sure, I recommend setting up an email signature that includes your full email address. Second, make sure to check your junk mail box every now and then.  Every once in awhile someone will send me a message and it will inexplicably end up in my junk email.  I recommend that you add our email address to your “approved sender” list and check your junk mail every once in a while to ensure our messages are not being sent to where you will not be able to view them in a timely fashion.

All-Time Bestselling Authors Who Debuted After Age 50

Support Vector Machines On Distributed Computers - 1452 Words

PSVM: Parallelizing Support Vector Machines on Distributed Computers Edward Y. Changâˆâ€", Kaihua Zhu, Hao Wang, Hongjie Bai, Jian Li, Zhihuan Qiu, Hang Cui Google Research, Beijing, China Abstract Support Vector Machines (SVMs) suffer from a widely recognized scalability problem in both memory use and computational time. To improve scalability, we have developed a parallel SVM algorithm (PSVM), which reduces memory use through performing a row-based, approximate matrix factorization, and which loads only essential data to each machine to perform parallel computation. Let n denote the number of training instances, p the reduced matrix dimension after factorization (p is significantly smaller than n), and m the number of machines. PSVM reduces the memory requirement from O(n2) to O(np/m), and improves computation time to O(np2/m). Empirical study shows PSVM to be effective. PSVM Open Source is available for download at http://code.google.com/p/psvm/. 1 Introduction Let us examine the resource bottlenecks of SVMs in a binary classification setting to explain our proposed solution. Given a set of training data X = {(xi, yi)|xi ∈ Rd}ni=1, where xi is an obser- vation vector, yi ∈ {−1,1} is the class label of xi, and n is the size of X, we apply SVMs on X to train a binary classifier. SVMs aim to search a hyperplane in the Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) that maximizes the margin between the two classes of data in X with the smallest train- ing error (Vapnik, 1995). ThisShow MoreRelatedParallel Support Vector Machines Is A Supervised Machine Learning Alogrithom Used For Classification1158 Words   |  5 Pages Parallel Support Vector Machine Junfeng Wu Junming Chen May 6, 2016 1 INTRODUCTION Support vector machines is a supervised machine learning alogrithom used for classification. The problem could be written : minimize 1 |w |2 2 yi((w,xi)+b)−1≠¥0 where w is a linear combination of the training data: n w = ÃŽ ±i k(xi ) i=1 this could be further written in a dual form[5]: min 1ÃŽ ±TQÃŽ ±Ã¢Ë†â€™eTÃŽ ± ÃŽ ±2 0≠¤ÃŽ ±i ≠¤C, yTÃŽ ±=0, ∀i ≠¤n where Q is the kernel matrix. This dual form is a quadratic programming problem with linearRead MoreDetection Ratio Of Cyber Attack Detection2009 Words   |  9 Pages Improved the Detection Ratio of Cyber Attack Using Feature Reduction Based on Support Vector Machine and Glowworm Optimization Abstract— The swarm intelligence plays vital role in feature reduction process in cyber-attack detection. The family of swarm intelligence gives bucket of algorithm for the processing of feature reduction such as ant colony optimization, particle swarm optimization and many more. In family of swarm new algorithm is called glowworm optimization algorithm based on theRead MoreWhat Is Figure 2 : Data Blocks Written To HDFS?1569 Words   |  7 PagesFigure 2: Data blocks written to HDFS [6]. The above figure shows how the data in hadoop is stored in racks and each rack consists of many distributed blocks of files, where each block is of 64Mb and can be written three times and at least one block is written to a different server rack for redundancy. In the above figure there are three different blocks ie, block1, block2, block3. Each block has been replicated at three different places and at least one replica should be placed in the differentRead MoreA Brief Note On Pedestrian Detection Of Surveillance1163 Words   |  5 Pagesof pedestrian detection as well as analyse the challenges, effectiveness, accuracy and cost benefit of different approaches used in surveillance and how current challenges are being tackled. Introduction Pedestrian detection is a key problem in computer vision. There are a number of ways that makes it difficult to achieve without faults due to the differences in colour, motion, orientation and poses of individual human beings but also segregation of the background which may or may not be clutteredRead MoreBio Inspired Machine Learning Based Wireless1206 Words   |  5 PagesBio-Inspired Machine Learning Based Wireless Sensor Network Security Abstract: It is interesting that the biologically inspired approaches to network security because of their similarities between network security and human body resistant to pathogenic attacks. Wireless sensor network is based on low cost and low energy sensor nodes which are connected to physical signals. Such networks are made up of sensors and gateways the data to the end user. This paper used the wireless sensor network nodesRead MoreThe Semantic Web1276 Words   |  5 Pagessystem allows the machine to be read, but this new system, constructed on top of the existing system, allows more of a cognitive understanding. The concept of the Semantic Web system has been in development for some time; that development has involved embedding large amounts of structure, metadata ready to be processed by machine, and various SW technologies in the existing web. In other words, the SW attempts to adapt the think of the publishing data into a web page format so the machine gains a betterRead MoreThe Hum an Face Action Recognition System1917 Words   |  8 PagesNetwork, Routing Protocol, Sensor Networks, Surveillance system, Pattern Recognition. I. Introduction Face Recognition is a technology to extract facial features by computer and a technique for authentication according to the characteristics of these features. Face Recognition is a very challenging research area in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition due to variations in facial expression, possess illumination. Given still or video images of a scene, identify or verify one or more personsRead MoreAssessment Of The Database Architecture And Design Of Various Clinical Information Systems1680 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION The aim of this report is to present information about assessment of the database architecture and design of various clinical information systems like administrative system, clinical decision making system, electronic health record and computer based health record system, nursing system, ancillary service system, patient numbering systems at master and enterprise level. The assessment will be based on the health and hospital system that includes around 1800 bed hospital and 30 communityRead MorePredictive Analysis Model1387 Words   |  6 Pagesthe usage of model for the energy use of appliances. Specific prediction techniques include Multiple Linear Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine for regression (SVR), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting Machine (XGBM) are used for model building and to prediction. We have presented an evaluation of state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms on the basis of RMSE, R-squared, MAE and MAPE for the task of prediction. It is found that XGBM is betterRead MoreBuilding An Exascale Scale System1571 Words   |  7 Pagesto overcome some of the critical challenge like architecture, software, algorithm and data challenges. Some of the important challenges of the Exascale computing are, Challenges due to scale and complexity of system Previously the power of super computers has grown by doubling the clock frequency. In the last two decades the trend has changed the power of supercomputing is increased by increasing the number of processors. Vendors have started to put multiple processors (cores) on a chip; first two

Act like a girl Free Essays

I wanted to Interview a male who has experienced similar experiences with not being accepted because he was not the stereotypical â€Å"man. † In our Interview the other day, I asked you If you agreed or disagreed with this statement: â€Å"Every child, boy or girl, should have the right to his or her own self image, and should not have to live by some gender roles† (Freeman 36). You answered yes in agreement! I asked you why you said yes so quickly. We will write a custom essay sample on Act like a girl or any similar topic only for you Order Now Your answer was because growing up you faced situations when you wished you could simply be yourself thou the Judgment of others. You shared your thoughts of what the stereotype of a man Is to you. Some common Images of a man Is to be athletic, masculine, muscular, insensitive, and tough. I’m sure you could have gone on with this list of characteristics expected of a â€Å"manly man. † Women are expected to be a particular way, also. Some of us Just don’t fall under those expected traits. Still, most people tend to hold common stereotypes of certain people in mind. We both went to the same high school and cheered on our Varsity cheer squad for 2 years together. I was glad that you decided to share this part of your life with me, I know It was hard to talk about. In high school you didn’t dress Like all the other boys, and you didn’t talk like all the other boys. You were a male cheerleader. You were the only male cheerleader. You expressed the hardship and ridicule our peers put you through. I felt a deep sorrow when you told me that our peers would tease you. Teasing is for elementary school, not high school. I could see the pain in your eyes when you would state the comments the students would make towards you. It Is definitely a common assumption for people to make that because a male Is a cheerleader, then he must be gay. You do not consider yourself to fit the gender role of a typical male, because you are very much the opposite. I felt it was necessary to ask you about your childhood. I wanted to know how you grew up and if there was any influences in your life pertaining to the topic of gender stereotypes. Growing up you said that you didn’t play with car toys, or ride motorcycle bikes, and wasn’t into sports. In Freeman’s essay he TLD play with parable dolls, or play tea party with the other little girls, and she loved playing basketball. When I asked you if you had played sports, you said no but you would play catch in the park with your dad. I am sorry to have heard that your father passed away when you were very young. I was surprised to hear that you do not think that your father passing away influenced you to be more in touch with your feelings. You have always been more in touch with your feelings even before that incident. Most people think that a boys father passing away will greatly Influence the During our interview, your brother, Corey came in to greet me. That was polite of him! I asked you how your relationship was with your brother, since you two are very opposite of each other. Your brother seems to fit the mold of our society’s â€Å"man. † I was devastated to hear that your relationship with your brother has been strained for years. It started when you became a cheerleader, because he doesn’t accept the fact that that is who you are and that is what makes you happy. Freeman and her mother’s relationship was also uneasy because of her mother’s lack of support. On the contrary, your relationship with your mother is beautiful, and stable. You expressed your thankfulness and appreciation for her in our interview. She has not turned her back on you, or Judged you. Your mother accepts you for who you are. You are her son and she loves you no matter what happens. I enjoyed our interview. Thank you for taking the time to sit down with me and discuss the questions I had for you. I am happy that you are absolutely content with yourself. We have been friends for a couple of years now, and I wouldn’t change you for anything. How to cite Act like a girl, Papers

Elements Of Southern Characteristics In William Faulkner free essay sample

# 8217 ; s # 8220 ; A Rose For Emily # 8221 ; Essay, Research Paper William Faulkner? s authoritative short narrative, ? A Rose for Emily, ? has been noted as an first-class illustration of Southern literature. Southern literature can be defined as literature about the South, written by writers who were reared in the South. Features of southern literature are the importance of household, sense of community, importance of faith, importance of clip, of topographic point, and of the yesteryear, and usage of Southern voice and idiom. Most of the novels are written as a Southerner really speaks. Many books besides describe the historical importance of the Southern town. William Faulkner was a 20th century American writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature. Most celebrated for his novel The Sound and the Fury, Faulkner defines Southern literature. In his fabulous county of Yaknapatawpha, Faulkner contrasted the yesteryear with the present epoch. The yesteryear was represented in Emily Grierson, Colonel Sartoris, the Board of Alderman, and the Negro retainer. We will write a custom essay sample on Elements Of Southern Characteristics In William Faulkner or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Homer Barron, the new Board of Alderman, and the new sheriff represented the present. Homer was the chief representative of Yankee positions towards the Griersons and the full South, a state of affairs of the present. Emily held the position of the yesteryear as if it were a rose-tinged topographic point where nil would of all time dice. Her universe was already the yesteryear. Whenever the modern times were about to take clasp of her, she retreated to that universe of the yesteryear, and took Homer with her. Her room upstairs was that topographic point, a topographic point where Emily could remain with dead Homer forever as though no decease nor disease could divide them. Homer had lived in the present, and Emily finally conquered that. Emily? s household was a memorial of the yesteryear ; Emily herself was referred to as a? fallen monument. ? She was a relic of Southern breeding and past values. She had been considered fallen because she had been proven susceptible to decease and decay like the remainder of the universe. As for the I mportance of household, Emily was truly close to her male parent. He was really protective of her and highly ruling. The full town had a tableau of the two of them, Miss Emily was a slight figure in white in the background, and her male parent was a sprawled figure in the foreground, his dorsum defensively turned to her and seizing a horsewhip with the dark boundary of the door bordering them. The town besides believed the Griersons held themselves a small excessively high for what they truly were. Miss Emily came away as instead clannish and stuck up, looking to be believing that merely because she was a Grierson she was better than everyone else. The sense of community ties in here because this narrative is fundamentally narrated by the locals, remembered. All the people whispered behind their louvered windows about Miss Emily and her male parent. In the manner this narrative was written, the clip sequence skips about, as if person were really retrieving it at the minute. The storyteller speaks of who attended Miss Emily? s funeral, and so they go back to the narrative of Emily and Homer. The technique of composing as one thinks is known as watercourse of consciousness. The storyteller? s ideas of the narrative look to be jumbled, and the sentiments sometimes contradict themselves. It is assorted to better demo the confusion about clip and world, and how the people want to retrieve it. At Emily? s funeral, the Confederate soldiers recalled wooing Emily and dancing with her when they neer did such a thing. They remembered it as they wanted it to hold happened, and they can make that because no 1 can alter the yesteryear. Faulkner succeeded in composing a work of Southern literature that displays a romantic pull of the yesteryear and the thought that entry to this love affair was a signifier of decease. Thematically, decease conquers all. The narrative of Miss Emily Grierson from Yaknapatawpha County is a narrative picturing the love affair of the South combined with the narrative itself created a captivating ambiance, a universe where no 1 wants to go forth.

Write about Carol Ann Duffys Head of English Essay Example

Write about Carol Ann Duffys Head of English Paper How do poets create the illusion of the speaking voice? Write about Carol Ann Duffys Head of English and one other poem from section one. In your answer show how language is used in both poems to convey attitudes and values. Head of English by Carol Ann Duffy explores the idea of stereotypical teachers and how G.B. Shaws dictum, He who can, does. He who cannot, teaches may apply. Carol Ann Duffy is almost scornful towards her main character as she portrays the teacher as bitter and jealous. The teacher had to settle for the nearest thing to being a poet, which was to teach rather than write. Head of English uses only one voice whereas Comprehensive uses seven different personas; Carol Ann Duffy is famous for being a ventriloquist. Comprehensive by Carol Ann Duffy explores the different attitudes to education in schools and life in general by using different personalities, each one a stereotype. Each voice has an individual view and we can tell this by the structure of the poem and language used. We will write a custom essay sample on Write about Carol Ann Duffys Head of English specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Write about Carol Ann Duffys Head of English specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Write about Carol Ann Duffys Head of English specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Carol Ann Duffy creates voice through her perspectives and views that she uses in Head of English. The teacher is envious of the poet, one could say almost resentful and she makes the poet feel like an outsider, as if she is not welcome, as she says After all, were paying forty pounds. This insinuates that she is telling the poet that she is expecting her recital to be very impressive and that she has high standards, which must be met. The teacher tries to prove that she has power to the poet as she continues to control every little thing her pupils do. Please show your appreciation by clapping. This line shows us that she is in control of her class; her pupils must do what she says, when she says it. However, it is almost as if she is showing off when she follows her order with Not too loud. She is controlling them down to the finest detail, trying to stop her pupils showing their admiration to the poet, the kind of admiration she knows that she cannot obtain from them herself. The teacher knows she will never get the same amount of respect the pupils feel for the guest, a successful poet, because she is herself a failed one. The teachers lack of creativity appears when she says Seasons of mists and so on and so forth, instead of Keats season of mists and mellow fruitfulness. The teacher then dares to connect her own writing with that of the guest, an expert in poetry, when she says Ive written quite a bit of poetry myself. The teacher is desperate to be seen as a talented teacher and, more importantly, a poet. The voice Carol Ann Duffy uses in Head of English rarely addresses the guest speaker directly when her pupils are there. She calls the poet the Muse which is a rude way to talk to a guest, as she does not use their name, which implies she does not see any individuality. This suggests that she is jealous of the poet as she tries to treat the guest as if they are inferior to her; denial of the fact that she knows this is sorely untrue. The only time she addresses the poet directly is when her class have gone to a lunch break. Lunch in the hall? Do hang about. Unfortunately I have to dash. Tracey will show you out. This quote suggests several things, the first being that she has invited the guest to stay for lunch, yet she tells her that Tracey will escort her out of the building, as if to say that she must now leave that the lesson has finished, most probably because she does not want to spend any more time necessary than someone who is more successful than her. The choice of the name Tracey suggests that Carol Ann Duffy is laughing at the suggestions of vulgarity that the name unfairly kindles. Carol Ann Duffy tries to give the impression that the teacher focused on in Head of English is in an illusion of grandeur.

Saint Nick in France - a French Story with Translation

Saint Nick in France - a French Story with Translation Click here to access the story about the French Santa in French only. Click here to see how to best use my learn French in context stories. French Christmas Markets - Les Marchà ©s de Noà «l en France Camille est en voyage en Alsace, au nord-est de la France. Elle se promà ¨ne avec son amie Annie dans limmense marchà © de Noà «l de Strasbourg, ouvert de la fin du mois de novembre la fin du mois de dà ©cembre.Camille is traveling to Alsace, in the North-West of France. She is talking a walk with her friend Annie in the huge Christmas market of Strasbourg, opened from the end of November to the end of December. CamilleJadore lambiance de ces marchà ©s de Noà «l : tous ces petits chalets en bois, les dà ©corations de Noà «l, lodeur du vin chaud et des marrons grillà ©s†¦Ã‚  I love the ambiance of these Christmas markets: all these little wooden shacks, the Christmas decorations, the smell of hot wine and grilled chestnuts... AnnieOui, cest trà ¨s typique de la rà ©gion. Bien que ce soit une tradition qui sexporte maintenant dans le reste de la France : il y a maintenant plusieurs marchà © de Noà «l Paris.Yes, its quite typical of the region. Although its a tradition that is now being exported to the rest of France: there are now several Christmas markets in Paris. CamilleOui, il y en a un à ©norme sur lavenue des Champs-Elysà ©es, qui attire beaucoup de touristes.Mais, Annie, je dois te demander ; je vois partout ce personnage avec une grande barbe, mais    avec un drà ´le de chapeau avec une croix chrà ©tienne dessus. Cest un pà ¨re Noà «l alsacien ?Yes, there is a huge one on the Champs-Elysà ©es, which attracts many tourists. But Annie, I have to ask you; I see this character with a big beard everywhere, but with a strange hat with a Christian cross on it. Is he an Alsatian Santa? Saint Nick, Father Flog and Other Christmas Traditions in France Annie Presque ! Cest Saint Nicolas. Un personnage trà ¨s important chez nous, mais aussi en Lorraine, et dans beaucoup de pays de lest de lEurope : lAllemagne, la Suisse, le Luxembourg, la Belgique, les Pays-Bas, la Russie, la Pologne, l’Autriche†¦Dans La nuit du 5 au 6 dà ©cembre, Saint Nicolas passe dans les maisons pour apporter aux enfants sages des friandises (fruits secs, mandarines, gà ¢teaux, bonbons, chocolats et surtout de grands pain dà ©pices). Il porte une longue barbe blanche, une mitre et une crosse et un long manteau, souvent rouge. Il est accompagnà © du pà ¨re Fouettard : cest lopposà © de saint Nicolas. Daspect horrible et menaà §ant, il tient une verge pour fouetter les enfants mà ©chants...Almost! Its Saint Nicholas. He is a very important character in our region, but also in Lorraine, and in many Eastern European countries: Germany, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Belgium, The Netherlands, Russia, Poland, Austria†¦On the eve of December 6th, Saint N ick stops by houses to bring goodies to nice children (dry fruits, nectarines, cookies, candies, chocolates and above all big gingerbreads). He wears a long white beard, a miter and a crosier and a long coat, often red. He is accompanied by Father Flog: he is the opposite of Saint Nick. Looking terrible and menacing, he holds a whip to flog naughty children. CamilleCest un personnage rà ©el ?  Hes a real person? AnnieOui, Saint Nicolas de Myre, un à ©và ªque nà © en Turquie entre 250 et 270. Cà ©tait un à ©và ªque bienveillant, qui protà ©geait les veuves, les enfants et les personnes faibles. Pendant les Croisades, une relique de Saint Nicholas a à ©tà © rapportà © en France, et il est devenu le saint patron de la Lorraine. La là ©gende dit que Saint Nicolas a ressuscità © trois enfants tuà ©s par un boucher.Yes, Saint Nicolas from Myre was a bishop born in Turkey between 250 and 270. He was a benevolent bishop who protected widows, children and the weak. During the Crusades, a relic of Saint Nicholas was brought back to France, and he became the main saint of the Lorraine region. Legend says that Saint Nicholas brought back to life three children murdered by a butcher. Saint Nicks Story Continues on Page 2 French Santa Saint Nick Saint Nicolas - Continues from page 1 CamilleEt pourquoi ressemble-t-il tellement au pà ¨re Noà «l ?  And why does he look so much like Santa? AnnieCest le pà ¨re Noà «l qui lui ressemble ! Importà © aux États-Unis par les Hollandais, Saint Nicolas devient Sinterklaas, Santa Claus en anglais. En 1822, Clement Moore à ©crit le conte A visit From Saint Nicholas, aussi connu sous le nom de The Night Before Christmas. Saint Nicholas est maintenant Santa. Il a perdu ses attributs religieux, et au milieu du 19à ¨me sià ¨cle, le dessinateur amà ©ricain Thomas Nast lui donne limage daujourdhui. Il a encore sa grande barbe blanche, est habillà © de rouge et de blanc. Son chariot est tirà © par des rennes, et il habite maintenant au pà ´le nord. En 1930 et 1950, Coca-Cola utilise cette image dans ses campagnes publicitaires, et voil, Saint Nicolas devenu Pà ¨re-Noà «l.Well, its Santa who looks like him! Imported in the States by the Dutch, Saint Nicolas became Sinterklaas, Santa Claus in English. In 1822, Clement Moore wrote the tale A Visit from Saint Nicholas, also known  as The Night Before Christmas. Saint Nick is now Santa. He lost his religious attire, and in the middle of the 19th century, the American artist Thomas Nast gave him the look we know today. His sleigh is pulled by reindeer, and he now lives in the North Pole. Between 1930 and 1950, Coca-Cola used his image in their ads, and there you go,   Saint Nicholas has become Father Christmas. CamilleEt bien quelle histoire. Bon, moi je vais acheter un Saint Nicolas en pain dà ©pice pour ma fille Leyla, elle adore à §a !Wow, what a story. Well, Im going to buy a gingerbread Saint Nick for my daughter Leyla, she loves gingerbread! Je mets tous les jours des petites leà §ons, des conseils et des photos sur mes pages Facebook, Twitter et Pinterest - venez m’y rejoindre!I post mini lessons, tips, pictures and more daily on my Facebook, Twitter and Pinterest  pages - join me there! https://www.facebook.com/frenchtoday https://twitter.com/frenchtoday https://www.pinterest.com/frenchtoday/ Jai à ©crit beaucoup darticles et dhistoires sur Noà «l en France :I wrote many articles about Christmas in France: -  Quest-ce que tu fais pour Noà «l? Dialogue en franà §ais facile-  Christmas in France Dialogue - French English Bilingual Easy Story- 7 Must Know Facts About Christmas in France Christmas Vocabulary-  Qui est Saint Nicolas ? Dialogue en Franà §ais Facile-  Meet the French Santa - French English Bilingual Easy Story-  8 Gift Ideas for Your Francophile Friends-  Petit Papa Noà «l - The Most Famous French Christmas Song (with a link to a video of my daughter singing it!)-  My enunciated recording of the Catholic mass prayers in French Joyeuses fà ªtes de fin dannà ©e ! Happy Holidays!

Electoral college Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Electoral college - Essay Example The amendment provides room for the electoral process in case the electors failed to choose the president by majority. Each state had a number of electors that were same as the number of the state representatives in the upper and lower houses of the legislature. In 1969, the District of Columbia gets for the first time number of elector equal to the least populous state elector’s by the 23rd Amendment. The electors person's choice is from the states they represent by a populous vote that translates to the presidential candidate they favor in the end. There have been many attempts to change the system, but none has been useful. The states organize the elector’s elections where congress determines the dates. Some of the attempts that have been successful include Nebraska and Maine give two votes to the overall winner in the states and one vote for congressional district winner. The system of the presidential election termed as Electoral College system establishment is in the year 1804 after the 12th amendment of article II of the constitution. The main factors that influenced the creation of the system were to ensure that each state gets a fair say in who is their president. The electors were the rich land owners of the time and had to be white. To create a solution should any of the candidates fail to get a win of 270 populous elector’s votes. This scenario arises when the electors who pledge to vote for a given candidate vote otherwise as they are not bound to their promise by the constitution. The House of Representatives resolves this stalemate. The pros of the system include it enhances national cohesion in the country and ensures that distributing the populous president decision all over the country. The system also ensures that there is political stability by enhancing the two political party system (Bickel. 56). The people against the system argue that the system provides a leeway for a candidate to win the nationwide election and los e the electoral vote. The critics justify their argument by the events that happened in the year 2000 when republican George Bush lost the populous vote and went ahead to win the electoral vote. His opponent Al Gore won the populous vote but, lost the electoral vote. In the end Bush, become the president. The critics say the system gives a leeway to election of a minority leader. They argue President George W. Bush was a minority leader but went ahead to gevern the country four those four years. This leader will not protray the Nation's free will as a few individuals that have a free will on whom to elect into office elected him into office. The minority leader increases the risk of dividing the nation into half. Most of the people will not have faith into his leadership regime. This may trigger mass protest and derail the economy of the nation. Critics point to the possibility that the Electoral College discouraging voter turnout in many states. Critics’ argue since the coll ege has the mandate to elect the president then, the voters may after all leave the decision to the college and boy court elections. This will be a big setback in democracy as people will feel to be denied their constitutional mandate to elect the leader of their choice. Many republicans in the current states where they rule are aiming to change Electoral College

Hppiness and Mental Well-being of Society Essay

Hppiness and Mental Well-being of Society - Essay Example A society is crippled if happiness does not prevail in it. Similarly happiness is directly linked to the mental well being of an individual and together both of these components found an important part of the society. A society which does not have happiness may be known as partial or without an important component. In order to maintain a society one has to ensure that happiness is prevailing amongst individuals. This article would further describe happiness in relation to a society. It would tell how a society can be judged by the happiness or unhappiness which is prevailing in the society (Nettle 2005). Happiness is being governed by different components of life and all these together amalgamate to form a perfect circle of happiness. The feeling of happiness which one individual has depends on his own personal nature and varies according to his needs. Some people get happy when they are having immense power while some get happy when they are living in a society which supports equality. The factors of happiness can vary according to the experience one individual has to go through or it can be hereditary too (Layard). With the increasing time the factors of happiness have changed through out the world. Even if a person is wealthy it is not necessary that he would be happy and would have a good life. If he is wealthy he may have to go through other problems which would destroy the happiness in his society. In the previous years it is seen the living standard in the western countries has increased and so has the level of wealth. Gradually the level of wealth and living standards has be en compared to the level of happiness and research has clearly shown that the level of wealth and living standards does not count to a greater amount of happiness in the world. The amount of wealth does not illustrate an image of the society, however the amount of happiness does. It shows how well a person is leading his life and how the government is working towards the betterment of the society (Gilbertson 1987). In this regard a study conducted by Easterlin gave surprising results. According to his study though wealth did have an impact on a person's happiness but after a certain increase in a person's income it no longer left an impact and hence he suggested through his study that though increasing income did have an effect on happiness but only up to a certain extent. Different researches done by different psychologists and economists tell us about the impact of the factors of happiness affecting society. Different surveys conducted by the organization of World Value Surveys sh ow how different factors affect the societies and the happiness levels in them. The method of the research adopted by the organization is to measure the effects of happiness in accordance to their effect. Every factor is compared to the factor of income and the results are derived respectively. Following is a table which shows how the factors affect happiness in the societies respectively Fall in happiness(index) Income Family income down 33% relative to average 1 Work Unemployed (rather than employed) Job insecure (rather than secure) Unemployment rate up 10 percentage points Inflation rate up 10 percentage points 3 1.5 1.5 0.5 Family Divorced (rather than married) Separated (rather than ma

Aim of the Homogenisation Process

Aim of the Homogenisation Process Introduction: Eukaryotic cells such as liver cells enclose a variety of different types of membrane bound structures called organelles (nuclei, mitochondria) as well as macromolecules (ribosomes) (Padh, 1992). Subcellular fractionation is an invaluable technique allowing scientists and researchers alike to successfully isolate and separate specific subcellular components within the cell (Becker et al, 2009). This allows researchers to study the different organelles (using biochemical techniques) in a greater degree of detail therefore increasing our knowledge about the many different types of organelles and macromolecules, thus leading to new scientific advances in this ever advancing era of science and technology (Bonney, 1982; Berns, 1986). It is this very method which in the past allowed Christian de Duve to discover the lysosomes and peroxisomes for which he shared a Nobel Prize with Albert Claude and George Palade in 1974 (Becker et al, 2009). Subcellular fractionation can be safely divided under 3 major headings: Homogenisation proceeded by fractionation and finally purification. Homogenisation: The aim of the homogenisation process is to effectively and efficiently disrupt and break the cells outer membrane thereby releasing their subcellular components (nuclei, mitochondria). This disruption and breaking of the cells must be achieved in a manner that will leave the delicate organelles of interest undamaged and morphologically intact (Loewen, 2003). The cells to be homogenised are kept in an isotonic buffer (0.25M sucrose, 1mM EDTA and 1mM of Tris at pH 7.0). This is to protect the fragile organelles from osmotic damage due to osmotic unbalance as well as environmental instability such as pH interference (Guteriezze, 2010). Many different homogenisation techniques exist and are available, some such include mechanical grinding using Potter-Elvehjen glass homogeniser, cutting methods using warren blender, ultrasonic vibrations in a process called sonication and utilising high pressure such as in the French Press (Loewen, 2003). The Potter-Elvehjen glass homogenizer was used in this experiment. The Potter-Elvehjen glass homogeniser consists of a Teflon pestle which is closely fitted into a glass homogeniser. The homogenising machine moves the Teflon pestle in a verticle up-down motion while simultaneously rotating within the glass homogeniser containing the cells to be homogenised (Mangiapane, 2010). The space between the Teflon pestle and glass homogeniser is incredibly small (0.004-0.006). Therefore as the Teflon pestle moves throught the glass homogeniser a shear force is generated which causes disruption of the cells. The organelles which are released by this process pass undamaged, safetly through the gap between the pestle and glass homogeniser (Loewn, 2003; Mangipane, 2010). The shear forces produced can sometime be destructive to the organelles causing irreversible damage and therefore shear forces need to be controlled. This can be controlled by adjusting the gap width between the pestle and glass homogeniser. A bigger width can protect organelles from damage but the negative side effect of this is that the generated shear forces will not be strong enough to disrupt the cells and therefore few or none organelles will be present in the homogenate. Therefore a careful balance between cell disruption and organelle damage must be maintained. Chemical, physical and structural damage can be caused to organelles due to shear forces which can cause errors when purifying the organelle using biochemical techniques due to enzymes specific to the particular organelle being damage or rendered inactive and these problems must therefore be overcome. Some such precautions which when utilised can overcome or minimise unnecessary damage includes the use of different homogenisation techniques which are more suitable for the cells being homogenised (osmotic disruption, chemical disruption may be considered). Carefull usage of the homogenising equipment (Lowen, 2003). Fractionation: Once the homogenate has been formed, it is ready to be placed in a centrifuge and undergo centrifugation which will separate the different fractions/organelles. Centrifugation generates a centrifugal force which separates the different types of organelles based on their size and density as well as the density and viscousity of the solution the homogenate is in. Therefore the the higher the molecular weight of the organelle the greater the distance I will travel down the centrifuge tubes or the higher its sedimentation rate and consequently the smaller the molecular weight of the organelle the smaller the distance it will travel down the centrifuge tube or the lower its sedimentation rate (Becker et al,2008; Mangipane, 2010). The greater an organelles sedimentation rate is the greater the organelles sedimentation coefficient (in Svedberg units, named after Theodor Sveber who developed the ultracentrifuge) will also increase (Becker et al, 2009). Centrifugal forces can be calculated using For example, if a homogenate containing nuclei, mitochondria and ribosomes is subjected to a centrifugal force, logically the nuclei will be near the bottom of the tube, the ribosomes at the top part of the tube and the mitochondria somewhere in between the nuclei and ribosomes. There are 2 main type of centrifugation methods: Differential centrifugation and density gradient centrifugation. Differential centrifugation This type of centrifugation works on the principles that large dense molecules (nucei) will have a higher sedimentation rate compared to small and less dense molecules (ribosomes) (Becker et al, 2009). During low centrifuge speeds and short times the heavy and dense organelles sediment and can be collected, while as high centrifuge speeds and longer timer the lighter and less dense molecules will sediment and can also be collected (manipulative techniques). Therefore in the homogenate used in the experiment, by using appropriate centrifuge speeds and times the nuclei and mitochondria can be separated using 1500g for 10min and 20000g for 10min respectively. Density gradient centrifugation The method used in density gradient centrifugation, also known as rate-zonal centrifugation works on the principle of separating molecules based on their densities and is achieved by using a density gradient in the centrifuge tube (manipulative techniques; Becker et al, 2009). The density gradient is normally provided by a concentrated sucrose solution which increases in density towards the bottom of the centrifuge tube. The sample requiring fractionation is placed in a layer over the density gradient sucrose solution (Becker et al, 2009). As the centrigugation process proceeds, the different molecules or organelled of different densities are separated based on their densities and that of the increasing sucrose density. When the fractionation bands have been formed are are distinctive the fraction may be remover via a syringe or separation methods. This type of centrifugation can be used to further separate mitochondria from lysosomes and peroxisomes since each of them has a differen t density. Measurements of enzyme activity and macromolecular composition of fractions. purity of fractions. During the centrifugation processes, such as in the differential centrifugation the various types of organelles and macromolecules form gelatinous pellets at the end of each consecutive centrifuge (Dyson, 1979). The different pellets produced contain a variety of different fractions of subcellular organelles and macromolecules and is not specific for just a single type of organelle or macromolecule. As an example in the first centrifugation process to form the nuclei fraction at 1500g for 10mins, the nuclei is pelleted along with other molecules of similar size and molecular weight such as unbroken cells, cell debris and pieces of the cell membranes (Bonney, 1982). In the second centrifugation to form the mitochondrial fraction at 20000g for 10min the pellet contains mitochondria, lysosomes and peroxisomes due to their similar sizes and molecular weight. In the final centrifugation process at 20000g for 10min a supernatant fraction was formed containing many small and low molecular w eight molecules such as the endoplasmic reticulum, microsomes and ribosomes (Minorsky, 2009; Berns, 1986). As stated before fractions will not only require the organelles of interest but also other organelles and macromolecules. It is therefore necessary to be able to assess the purity of the fractions. This can be done in a variety of ways. Microscopic analysis via the light microscope or even electron microscope can be used to identify the different macromolecules present within the fraction, therefore giving an indication whether or not the fractionation procedure has been successful. A mitochondrian therefore can be differentiated from a peroxisome or lysosome basen on its structure (Bonney, 1982). Microscopic anaylsis can also be used in assessing the biochemistry of the fraction by using various cytochemical techniques. Biochemical techniques are a very good way of assessing the type of organelle present as well as the purity of a fraction. Measuring enzyme activity is an excellet method sine some enzymes are very specific and found in one particular organelle. Marker enzymes present in fractions and importance of the techniques involoved in the advancement of biochemistry and cell biology. Marker enzyems are routinely used in subcellular fractionation to differentiate between the many different types of organelles and macromolecules present within the cell. Mitochondria for example can be detected indirectly by the presence of succinate dehydrogenase while lysosomes can be detected by Acid Phosphatase (Bonner, 2007). The function of the mitochondria for example is to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by a process called oxidative phosphorylation and an enzyme specific to the mitochondrion called succinate dehydrogenase can be used as a marker enzyme to differentiate between the presence of mitochondria and other organelles and macromolecules present in the fraction (Padh, 1992). Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is specific to the inner mitochondria membrane and is responsible for catalysing the oxidation reaction of Succinate, which is a component of the citric acid cycle, into fumarate which is another component of the citric acid cycle. Since flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is reduced producing FADH2 (Guterize, 2010; Padh, 1992;Girolamo, 2010). Succinate is the electron doner while FAD is the electron acceptor. The products of the above reaction are then reacted with an artificial electron acceptor called INT(a tetrazolium salt) to form a red coloured compound called formazan. This reaction is required because both the fumarate and FADH2 produced in reaction are colourless and therefore there is no certain way of determining succinate dehydrogenase activity, therefore the intensity of the red coloured formazan produced during a specific timeframe in the second reaction can be measured using a spectrophotometer gives an indirect indication of succinate dehydrogenase activity and therefore an indication of the presence of mitochondria as well as its purity within the fraction (guterize, 2010; padh, 1992). Electron microscopy of the isolated organelles is generally the final step in assessing the purity of the fractions as well as studying their morphology (padh, 1992). It is these methods and techniques used in subcellular fractionation which has allowed researchers such as George Palade and Christian de Duve studying to understand and discover the structures, biochemistry and roles played by the various organelles. Results: Table 1 shows the volumes of the homogenate, nuclei fraction, mitochondrial fraction and supernatant fraction. The Homogenate volume was obtained after rat liver homogenisation; NF volume was obtained after 2 consecutive centrifugations at 1500g for 10min; MF volume was also obtained by 2 consecutive centrifugations at 20000g for 10min; SF volume was obtained from the supernatant of the MF centrifugation. Table 2 shows known amounts of bovine serum albumin (BSA) which underwent the biuret reaction; the absorbances were measure using a spectrophotometer at 550nm. As protein amount increases so do the absorbances. This data was used to plot a BSA standard curve. Figure 1 illustrates the BSA standard curve which is a line of best fit. From this graph, the protein amount is determined by using the absorbance values for the different fraction shown in table 3 below. H, NF, MF and SF correspond to homogenate, nuclei fraction, mitochondrial fraction and supernatant fraction respectively. The vertical and horizontal red, blue, green and black coloured lines represent H, NF, MF and SF respectively. From the above graphical data Protein concentration (mg/ml), total protein amount (mg) and protein recovery for each fraction relative to the homogenate can be calculated. Homogenate: Nuclei Fraction: Mitochondrial Fraction: Supernatant Fraction: From the above results the total percentage of protein recovery relative to the homogenate can be determined: The above calculated results are show together in table 3. Table 3 shows the absorbance values obtained from the spectrophotometer. Row B shows the amount of protein that was determined from the BSA standard curve. Row C showed the amount of protein present in 1ml of each fraction; the homogenate had the highest protein concentration, followed by the SF and MF and finally by the NF containing the lowest amount of protein concentration. Row D shows the total amount of protein in each of the fraction and therefore follows the same pattern as the values for Row C. Row E shows the amount of protein recovered relative to the homogenate; The percentage of protein recovery was as follows: SF>MF>NF. Table 4 shows the actual fraction concentrations used, obtained by diluting the original fractions (table 3) with phosphate buffer. The supernatant fraction was left undiluted. Table 5 shows absorbance of each of the fractions (0.2ml) which were diluted by the addition of 4ml of ethyl acetate within formazan. The average absorbance minus the control gives the corrected mean absorbance for each of the fractions. The control values for all 4 fractions were 0 because they were given as negative values by the spectrophotometer. The highest absorbance was recorded for the SF followed by the homogenate, MF and NF. By obtaining the data collected from the previously calculations in tables 1, 3 and 5 it is possible to calculate; the total activity of Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH), the percentage recovery of SDH relative to the homogenate, the specific activity of SDH and the relative specific activity of SDH relative to the homogenate in all 4 fractions (H, NF, MF and SF). Below are the equations which will be used in the calculations: Beer-Lamberts Law: The calculations below will make (concentration) the subject of the formula as well as prove that the units for = or . à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ this can be rearranged to form, , since always equals to , the equation can now be represented as, , the units of this new formula can be calculated as follows, the in the bottom fraction can be cancelled out with the at the top giving, Which à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ gives which is Molarity or concentration. The equation will be used throughout the rest of the calculations. The Formazan molar extinction coefficient= and the assay volume used will be 0.004L (4ml). Homogenate: The absorbance for the homogenate in table 5 was 1.1385 therefore, à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ since this can be arranged to give, The volume used was which gives therefore, Activity à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ total activity of in -1 The answer is required in à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ since Therefore total activity for Homogenate = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ Therefore specific activity for Homogenate Nuclei Fraction (NF): The absorbance for the nuclei fraction in table 5 was 0.117 therefore, à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ since this can be arranged to give, This gives, Activity à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ total activity of in The answer is required in à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ since Therefore total activity for Nuclei Fraction = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ Therefore specific activity for Nuclei Fraction Mitochondrial Fraction (MF): The absorbance for the mitochondrial fraction in table 5 was 0.398 therefore, à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ since this can be arranged to give, This gives, Activity à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ total activity in in The answer is required in à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ since Therefore total activity for Mitochondrial Fraction = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ Therefore specific activity for Mitochondrial Fraction Supernatant Fraction (SF): The absorbance for the supernatant fraction in table 5 was 1.485 therefore, à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ since this can be arranged to give, This gives, Activity à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ total activity in in The answer is required in à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ since Therefore total activity for Supernatant Fraction = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã‚ ´ Therefore specific activity Supernatant Fraction Calculations for the % SDH recovery and specific SDH activity relative to the homogenate; Since the % SDH recovery and specific SDH activity is to be calculated relative to the homogenate, therefore the homogenate percentage for them both will be 100% Nuclei Fraction: Mitochondrial Fraction: Supernatant Fraction: The main findings of these calculations can be summarized in the table below: Table 6 shows that SDH activity is highest in the SF, followed by the homogenate, MF and finally by NF. The %of SDH recovery (relative to the homogenate) was greatest in the SF, followed by the MF and the NF. The specific SDH activity was greatest in the SF followed by the MF, NF and lastly by the homogenate. The % of specific SDH activity (relative to the homogenate) was greatest in the SF, followed by the MF and NF. Figure 2 illustrates the main findings from table 6. It can be seen that % SDH recovery increases from the Nuclei fraction to the supernatant fraction. The % of specific SDH activity steadily falls from the supernatant fraction to the nuclei fraction. Discussion: According to the results obtained in table 3, it was seen that 99.25% of the protein relative to the homogenate was still present within all the fractions. This high percentage recovery indicates that very little protein was lost during the formations of the nuclei, mitochondrial and supernatant fractions by centrifugation. The 0.75% of protein that was lost is most likely to have been lost while homogenizing the pellets formed during each consecutive centrifugation process. During the usage of hand homogenizers small quantities of the pellet containing the proteins are stuck to the homogenizing vessel or the pestle. These small quantities of proteins being lost during each hand homogenizing process therefore contributes to the loss of proteins recovery. From this high protein recovery it can be said that the overall homogenisation process was very efficient. During each successive centrifugation at different speeds a distinct pellet was formed, thus indicating the separation of organelles. In table 3, different amounts of proteins were present within the pellets. Since these proteins are associated with the different organelles present, this indicates that since different amounts of proteins were found in the fractions therefore various different types of organelles must also be present. But this is not always the case since proteins from other fractions could have been damaged due to the homogenization and centrifugation processes. Therefore the calculations performed on Succinate Dehydrogenase activity, recovery and specificity (table 6, figure 2) showed that that the total SDH activity was highest in the supernatant fraction. Since SDH is a specific marker enzyme to the mitochondrion organelle as explained earlier, the data suggests that the separation of mitochondria during centrifugation to be present within the suspected mitochondr ial dfraction was not optimal. The supernatant also had a very high protein content of 885mg (table3) which indicated therefore that most of the organelles have separated into this freaction, thus indicating the hight amount of SDH activity within the supernatant fraction. In a differential centrifugation process the successive increases in the centrifugal forces applied should create a gradient of the presence of different organelles, with the heaviest molecules in the centrifuge tubes with lowed centrifugal forces, the mediam molecular weighted organelles such as mitochondria in a centriguge in the centrifuge with a medium centrifugal force is applied and small molecular weight organelles such as ribosomes in the centrigue tubes where the highest centrifugal forces are applies. Therefore the separation of organelles has occurred but not to a great extent as seen by the reults in table 3 and table 6. Seperation of organelles could have been greatly improved by possibly refining the lab protocol. To ahieve better mitochondrial separation and therefore more accurate SDH activity measurments the centrifugation process should be done at 20000g but for 20min and not 10min as stated by Loewen (2003) and Becker et al (2009). This will help separate the mitochondria out better. Different centrifugation methods such as density gradient centrifugation can be utilized after the intital differential centrifugation to better separate organelles of similar sizes such as mitochondria, lysosomes and peroxisomes. The new fractions produced can by the densiy gradient centrifugation can be recovered with the use of a syringe. Many other techniques such as the initail homogenisation stage could also have been changed and other techniques could have been used as described earlier. Conclusion: It was found by this experiment that subcellular fractionation is not a perfect method and therefore inaccuracies must be expected. But it is a process that has revolutionaised our understanding of cell structure and function. It was found in the experiment that differential centrifugation can separate organelles to an extent to form a nucleic fraction, mitochondrial fraction and supernatant fraction. Marker enzymes which are present in specific organelles can be used to help distinguish between different organelles as well as the fractions relative purity. SDH was used in this experiment and was found to be present higher in the supernatant, possibly due to experimental error. SDH was specific to the supernatant fraction therore again indicating the presence of mitochondria in the supernatant. The usage of such techniques in this ever advancing era of science and technology has set the stage for future studies and techniques involved in further studying the cells and increasing our knowledge of life as each day passes.

Compare and Contrast the Characteristics of a Leader and Jesus Essay

What makes a leader? Power? Authority? Status? What characteristics make up a perfect leader? These are one of the hardest questions to have a clear answer as all people have different perspective and standard in the picture of a leader. The best answer only comes from the Words of God which is the Bible. It is only Jesus’ leadership which is true, honest and righteous. Jesus describes a leader like this: â€Å"You know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their high officials exercise authority over them. Not so with you. Instead, whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant, and whoever wants to be first must be your slave—just as the Son of Man did not come to be saved, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many† (Matthew 20:25-28, NIV). Jesus’ life was pure, honest and humble. The reason He came down to earth giving up His throne was to save the people from their sins. He gave so many teachings and showed miracles to many people so that they could believe Him and follow His name. He respected others as well as little children and helped people become saved. The relationship of Jesus’ ways and the ways of the skills of normal leader are somewhat similar and different. There are some leaders who are sincere and faithful to his or her people but there are also leaders who are infamous and criticized because of poor leadership skills. The standard of having great leadership is different from Jesus and the world. First to explain the leadership skills of worldly leaders, there are some qualities of being a good leader. They are empathy, consistency, honesty, communication, flexibility, ability to delegate, confidence, commitment, positive attitude and lastly creativity. With these leadership skills, there would be no problem in running a company or leading a union, making lot of followers as well. The skills above show the best way to get along well with the followers. However, the most of the leaders find difficult having all these leadership skills as human by nature become Jesus, as a leader of the 12 disciples and thousands of people who followed him to hear his Words, he showed great skills of leadership and this is shown in the Bible, precisely in the Books of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. Some of his distinct actions that showed his teaching were the washing of the disciples’ feet. It is shown in John chapter 13 verses 1 to 20. Although he was in a position of a leader, he humbled himself and showed first to the disciples of how to serve. There are some leaders in the world who followed God’s way to be a leader. One example is Apostle Paul; I would say was a man in history who was very similar to Jesus’ leadership skills. He is one of the important characters who met Jesus personally and completely changed his life according to Jesus’ ways. Apostle Paul was a leader of many churches. He led his people quite differently from the leaders of the normal world today. Apostle Paul, not only served the members of the church by writing letters and spreading the gospel but also he put his leadership into action. He was suffered and persecuted by many gentiles and he tried to tell the truth just as he taught his people to always be faithful in God. Also his important aspect of being a leader like Jesus was praying for his people. Jesus prayed for his disciples and even in his crucifixion, He prayed to God to forgive all the people in the world (Luke 23:34, NIV). In the books of the Bible which Apostle Paul wrote, he greets in the letter by saying that he is praying for all the members of the church (Philippians 1:3~5, NIV). Another leader in the past whom many people admired and respected was Abraham Lincoln who was the President of America. He was a Christian who prayed for his people. He was not self centered but listened to others’ thoughts and opinions. He saw his country in many viewpoints so understood the people in different classes. He was always aware of his weaknesses and asked God to help and guide in whatever problems or situations he was in. He did not forget to share the happiness and grievances of any events that occurred in America. This showed that he was not just acting as a leader but involving all his citizens and letting them participate in his concerns. These are the examples of deal leaders who followed Jesus’ way. Although there were amazing leaders in the past that everyone admired, there were also leaders in the past who were infamous and blamed. Their leadership skills brought pain and suffering to many people. Kim Jung Il, North Korea’s president is one example that shows how he misused the leadership skills and made the North Koreans suffer with poverty. His worst leadership skill is having absolute authority. This totally goes against the characteristics of Jesus’ leadership. Jesus taught in his life to serve others first as a leader and be humble. This can also be seen in the Bible, it says â€Å"Humble yourselves before the Lord, and he will lift you up† (Jacob 4:10, NIV) â€Å"And the most proud shall stumble and fall, and none shall raise him up: and I will kindle a fire in his cities, and it shall devour all round about him† (Jeremiah 50:32, NIV). President Kim’s haughtiness of having all the authority eventually led the North Koreans suffer and die and also made the country be one of the worst countries in the world. He ruled the country all in his way and order; he received all the goods coming from the foreign countries which tried to help the poor North Koreans; he had serious nuclear obsession and used all the money in inventing new war weapons. He commanded all the North Koreans to worship and bow down before him only and no one else. Kim Jung Il had no leadership skills of serving others, having good communication, and he tried to ignore the conditions of his people. In conclusion, although leading like Jesus can seem the hardest way, it is the real true way to be a leader. There are many aspects in worldly leadership skills which are important and helpful, however I believe that is not the ultimate skill to be a good leader. Just as Jesus showed us through His life of how to live like God’s children as a role of leader, we have to try hard to act in that way so that we could be a true leader who helps the follower go in a correct direction. Jesus’ main emphasis was being a humble leader, serving others first before being served. I believe this is correct that leaders should be examples first before just demanding the followers to do it.

Where to Find Writing Research Paper

Where to Find Writing Research Paper Research Paper preparation means handling a whole lot of information. The subject of your research paper needs to be based on a subject you've got a sensible background knowledge. A research paper involves surveying a field of knowledge to be able to get the best possible info in that area. Submitting an impressive academic paper demands excellent research skills, fantastic writing skills, superior understanding of different research techniques and also must aware regarding the citation styles. Don't forget, even the most seasoned academic veterans have needed to learn to compose a research paper at some time in their career. Not merely it needs to be interesting, in addition, it must suit college or university level. Writing College research papers College courses demand several different kinds of writing that employ many different strategies for various audiences. Following that, speak with the professor about a few of your general thoughts and the potential research directions you're considering pursuing. Research work is obligatory for research paper topics, and students have difficulty finding dependable and accurate research material. It is necessary for research paper topics, and students have a difficult time finding reliable and appropriate research material. The Writing Research Paper Pitfall Expound briefly on the significant points that are to be covered in the research paper, giving reason why readers ought to take interest in this issue. Explain the objective of your paper and the way you intend to approach the topic. Journals, newspaper together with magazines can certainly assist you in terms of becoming essential and required particulars about the subject. To start with, a writer should ascertain the reach of the topic, so the topic wouldn't be too general. 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Salazar Vs. Buono Court Case - 994 Words

Salazar Vs. Buono Court Case The First Amendment guarantees U.S citizen with basic freedoms such as religion, speech, press, assembly and petition. In the 2010 Case between Salazar and Buono, The First Amendment was put on trial in the Supreme Court Justice. The Supreme Court examined whether a religious cross, meant to honor World War I Veterans, violated the Establishment Clause in the First Amendment. Frank Buono, a former preserve employee, filed the lawsuit to get rid of the religious cross in the reserve permanently, stating that it was built on federal land thus creating a sense of favoritism of one religion over another in government. The favoritism exhibited in the Salazar and Buono Court Case was towards the religion of Christianity, therefore the U.S government did violate the Establishment Clause by promoting Christianity over all other religions. Rhetorical Situation Audience The individuals that felt strongest during this Court Case were War Veterans who felt that the cross was not symbolic towards their own religion. For example, there were Jewish and Muslim Veterans during this period who were especially against the symbolic cross as their remembrance, they associated the cross as Jesus Christ, a man who in their religion was not their savior. In addition, petitioners also felt as though the cross was not a fair representation for all the Veterans that had died holding onto beliefs that were not represented by cross. Other petitioners felt that theShow MoreRelatedThe Supreme Court Vs. Salazar V. Buono Case Essay977 Words   |  4 PagesThe Supreme Court was faced with a unique paradox during the case Salazar V. Buono; in which their ruling had to coincide with the establishment clause in the first amendment, while avoiding the dissenting opinions of thousands of veterans and their families they threatened to insult with their decision. In 1934, the V FW commissioned a white cross to be constructed on an outcropping known as Sunrise Rock in the Mojave National Preserve. In 1999, the plaintiff, Frank Buono, requested for the NPS toRead MoreThe Civil Rights Of The United States891 Words   |  4 PagesAmendment guarantees U.S citizen with basic freedoms such as religion, speech, press, assembly and petition. In the 2010 case between Salazar and Buono, the First Amendment was put on trial in the Supreme Court Justice. The Supreme Court examined whether a religious cross, meant to honor World War I Veterans, violated the Establishment Clause in the First Amendment. Frank Buono, a former preserve employee, filed the lawsuit to get rid of the religious cross in the reserve permanently, stating that